A comparison of the completeness and timeliness of automated electronic laboratory reporting and spontaneous reporting of notifiable conditions

This paper examined whether automated electronic laboratory reporting (ELR) of notifiable diseases results in information being delivered to public health departments more completely and quickly than spontaneous, paper-based reporting. We used data from a local public health department, hospital infection control departments, and a community-wide health information exchange to identify all potential cases of notifiable conditions that occurred in Marion County, Indiana, during the first quarter of 2001. We compared traditional spontaneous reporting to the health department with automated ELR through the health information exchange. After reports obtained using the different methods had been matched, there were 4785 unique reports for 53 different conditions during the study period. Chlamydia was the most common condition, followed by hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and gonorrhea. Automated ELR identified 4.4 times as many cases as traditional spontaneous methods and identified those cases 7.9 days earlier than spontaneous reporting, improving the completeness and timeliness of disease surveillance to enhance public health awareness and reporting efficiency.